Diagnosis and Management of ES
See also: Managing ES
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Diagnosis and Management of ES and EHS
Diagnosis using objective physiological markers is becoming well established and includes:
- 3d fMRI scans (Heuser G et al, 2017, 2017)
- cerebral blood perfusion scans etc (Belpomme D et al, 2015)
- genetic variants (De Luca C et al, 2014)
- metabolomic markers (Piras C et al, 2020)
- peripheral blood markers for oxidative stress (Irigaray P et al, 2018)
- saliva alpha amylase (Andrianome S et al, 2017)
- Andrianome S et al: "Increasing levels of saliva alpha amylase in electrohypersensitive (EHS) patients" (2017)
- Austrian Medical Association: Guidelines of the Austrian Medical Association for the diagnosis and treatment of EMF-related health problems and illnesses (EMF syndrome) (2012)
- Belpomme D et al: “Reliable disease biomarkers characterizing and identifying electrohypersensitivity and multiple chemical sensitivity as two etiopathogenic aspects of a unique pathological disorder” (2015)
- Belpomme D et al.: “Electrohypersensitivity as a Newly Identified and Characterized Neurologic Pathological Disorder: How to Diagnose, Treat, and Prevent It” (2020)
- Belyaev I et al.: "EUROPAEM EMF Guideline 2016 for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of EMF-related health problems and illnesses" (2016)
- Bray R and Fancy D (edd): “Clinical Practice Guidelines for EHS - Proceedings from a Symposium on the Impacts of Wireless Technology on Health” (Environmental Health Clinic, Women’s College Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada. (2020) 143 pages.
- De Luca C et al: "Metabolic and genetic screening of electromagnetic hypersensitivity subjects as a feasible tool for diagnostics and intervention" (2014)
- Scott Forsgren: “EMF Medical Conference 2021” (BetterHealthGuy, January 31 2021)
- Havas M et al.: “Original Findings Confirmed in Replication Study: Provocation with 2.4 GHz Cordless Phone affects the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) as measured by Heart Rate Variability (HRV)” (Medical Research Archives, 2021)
- Heuser G et al.: “Functional brain MRI in patients complaining of electrohypersensitivity after long term exposure to electromagnetic fields” (2017) “Corrigendum” (2017)
- Irigaray P et al.: “Oxidative stress in electrohypersensitivity self‑reporting patients: Results of a prospective in vivo investigation with comprehensive molecular analysis” (2018) Article.
- Piras C et al.: “Metabolomics and psychological features in fibromyalgia and electromagnetic sensitivity” (Sci Rep., 2020)
- Dr Mary Redmayne: "Past, Present and Future ElectroHyperSensitivity: History, Definition and Proposed Diagnostic Criteria" (2017)
- Hugo Schooneveld PhD: "Electromagnetic fields and other environmental stressors all disrupt homeostasis in the same way" (March 2021)
- Dr Yael Stein: "Electrohypersensitivity (EHS): Medical Overview" (2017)
ICD for ES and EHS
Classification of ES and EHS according to the ICD (International Classification of Diseases)
- Nordic Council of Ministers: El-allergy or Electrosensitivity (2000: ICD-10. R68.8)
ICD-10 codes for the most frequently encountered occupational disorders in the Nordic countries:
Other general symptoms and signs (page 33):
R68.8: Other specified general symptoms and signs
(suggested/recommended for multisymptomatic “idiopathic/environmental intolerance” (IEI),
including “multiple chemical sensitivity” (MCS);
“electromagnetic intolerance” (“el-allergy”) etc.
if the patient has not one major symptom which should preferably be coded )
APPENDIX IV (page 50):
“Electromagnetic intolerance”
“El-allergy”:
Usually general symptoms (tiredness, nausea, memory- and concentration difficulties etc.) related to use of TV/PC/data-screens, electrical transformers or fluorescent lamps.
Symptoms disappear in “non-electrical environments”.
- USA:USA: 2016 ICD-10-CM:
Diagnosis Code T66: Radiation sickness, unspecified
2016 Non-Billable/Non-Specific Code: T66 is not a billable or specific ICD-10-CM diagnosis code as there are 3 codes below T66 that describe this diagnosis in greater detail.
Reimbursement claims with a date of service on or after Oct 1, 2015 require the use of ICD-10-CM codes.
This is the American ICD-10-CM version of T66. Other international ICD-10 versions may differ.
Clinical Information:
The effects of ionizing and nonionizing radiation upon living organisms, organs and tissues, and their constituents, and upon physiologic processes. It includes the effect of irradiation on food, drugs, and chemicals.
Type 1 Excludes:
specified adverse effects of radiation, such as:burns (T20-T31), leukemia (C91-C95), radiation gastroenteritis and colitis (K52.0), radiation pneumonitis (J70.0), radiation related disorders of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (L55-L59), sunburn (L55).
- World Health Organisation:"Exposure to radiation" (ICD-10. Z58.4):
Chapter XXI, Factors influencing health status and contact with health services (Z00-Z99):
Persons with potential health hazards related to socioeconomic and psychosocial circumstances
(Z55-Z65):
Z57.1: Occupational exposure to radiation
Z58 Problems related to physical environment
Excludes: occupational exposure ( Z57)
Z58.4: Exposure to radiation
- USA:USA: 2016 ICD-10-CM:
Diagnosis Code T66: Radiation sickness, unspecified
2016 Non-Billable/Non-Specific Code: T66 is not a billable or specific ICD-10-CM diagnosis code as there are 3 codes below T66 that describe this diagnosis in greater detail.
Reimbursement claims with a date of service on or after Oct 1, 2015 require the use of ICD-10-CM codes.
This is the American ICD-10-CM version of T66. Other international ICD-10 versions may differ.
Clinical Information:
The effects of ionizing and nonionizing radiation upon living organisms, organs and tissues, and their constituents, and upon physiologic processes. It includes the effect of irradiation on food, drugs, and chemicals.
Type 1 Excludes:
specified adverse effects of radiation, such as:
burns (T20-T31), leukemia (C91-C95), radiation gastroenteritis and colitis (K52.0), radiation pneumonitis (J70.0), radiation related disorders of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (L55-L59), sunburn (L55). - ICD-10-CM Code W90:
Exposure to other nonionizing radiation: - W90 Exposure to other nonionizing radiation:
- W90.0 Exposure to radiofrequency
W90.1 Exposure to infrared radiation
W90.2 Exposure to laser radiation
W90.8 Exposure to other nonionizing radiation
ICD-10 Medical Codes for Exposure to nonionizing radiation : (ICD-10-CM W90)